Study Guide

Valence Electrons
- on the outer shells; so loose they form other bonds; denoting electrons involved in or available for a chemical bond formation

Valence electrons in carbon
- 4

Mg
- 2

Na
- 1

Covalent bond
- share electrons

C-14 #neutrons
- 8

What in the atmosphere reflect solar energy?
- clouds, water vapor and particles

Uv helpful?
- yes for sterilizing and provides vitamin d.

Source of all energy?
- sun

CO
- carbon monoxide

Structural isomers
- when molecular formulas are the same, but their structure is different.

Fe 58
- isotope; 49 neutrons

Cl outer shell electrons?
- 7

Argon's outer shell?
- 18

Which uv causes cancer?
- UV-B

C bonds with how many H?
- 4 (methane)

highest frequency waves? lowest
- highest: gamma rays
- lowest: radio waves

waves for photosynthesis
- electromagnetic waves

rate of ocillation
- frequency

large hydrocarbons have high boiling points why?
- intermolecular forces

potential, kinetic, chemical, mechanical
- potential: possibility to move
- kinetic: can move
- chemical: potential energy but in chemical bonds
- mechanical: motion