Test #1: Review
Part 1: In Class Review
Chlorine: Added to all tap water to kill bacteria. It's reactive and kills the bacteria right away.
Hydrologic Cycle: Water gets evaporated to vapor then goes to the the sky and gets precipitated then down back into the ocean. A cycle is a closed system so no water is created or destroyed.
Catalyst: A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change. You add a catalyst to a chemical reaction. It speeds up a chemical reaction.
Law of Conservation of Matter: No matter is created or destroyed, it's all conserved.
Aqueous Solutions: A water-based solution.
Fe: Iron
O: Oxygen
Al: Aluminum
N: Nitrogen
Au: Gold
Na: Sodium
Ag: Silver.
Part 2: Test Question:
1. Review indirect vs. direct water use?
- Hidden vs. obvious uses of water.
2. Review what two things combined make homogeneous vs. heterogeneous mixtures?
- Homogeneous: Substances and solutions.
- Heterogeneous: Colloids and suspensions.
3. Review the Celsius temp scale?
- Boiling/100 degrees C and Freeze/O degrees C
- Boiling/-212 degrees F and Freeze/32 degrees F.
4. Smallest unit of an element?
- An atom.
5. Are all solutions homogeneous?
- Yes!
6. The dissolved substance in a solution is the (solvent? solute?)
- Solute.
7. A solution is one type of (element? compound? mixture?)
- Mixture.
8. Explain differences and give examples between solution, colloid, and suspension.
- Suspensions and colloids are both heterogeneous mixtures while solutions are homogeneous.
9. Which is a compound? CO or Co?
- CO.
10. Fluoride is added to drinking water for what purpose?
- It's for anti cavity purposes.
11. Chlorine is added to drinking water for what purpose?
- To kill bacteria.
12. Why is distillation not used to purify most tap water?
- Too expensive.
13. Explain the use of gray water?
- The relatively clean waste water from baths, sinks, washing machines, etc so you get to use the water twice.
14. Define the hydrologic cycle?
- Water gets evaporated to vapor then goes to the the sky and gets precipitated then down back into the ocean. A cycle is a closed system so no water is created or destroyed.
15. Particles with the same charge put close together do what?
- They repel each other.
16. pH scale measures what?
- Measures hydrogen concentration
17. Define portable water?
- Drinking water or potable water is water safe enough to be consumed by humans or used with low risk of immediate or long term harm.
18. Draw a mixture of one element and one compound.
- See drawing.
19. A molecule that is positively charged on one end and negatively charged on the other is ____
- Polar
20. 100 gm of 25% sugar solution contains how much water and how much sugar?
- 25% sugar and 75% water.
21. An atom is the smallest particle of ______.
- Element.
22. Define and give a definition of a physical property of a substance.
- Physical property: properties that can be observed and measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance.
- Substance: homogeneous, definite composition and not physically separable.
23. Tyndall effect proves what?
- Shows particles in suspension.
24. After filtration, if there is no Tyndall effect?
- The particles are not in suspension.
25. Two elements bonded in a definite proportion: _____
- FeLi
26. 2 L bottle can pour how many 250 mL servings?
- 250000.
27. How is the earth's water distributed, from most to least?
Oceans, glaciers, water vapor, rivers.
28. Why do ice cubes float?
- They have less density.
29. Why don't we drink absolutely fresh water?
- Too expensive.
30. Subscripts and what they mean?
- The number in a compound that let us know how many atoms of an element are there.
31. What are the three states of water?
- Solid, liquid, gas.
32. What is the freezing and boiling points of water in centigrade (Celsius) and in Fahrenheit?
- Celsius: In boiling, 100 degrees and in freezing point, 0 degrees
- Fahrenheit: -32: freezing and -212: boiling.
33. What is the density of water? What are the units?
- 1 gram per mL and 1 cm by cubic centimeter OR 1.00 gram = 1 mL
34. What is the purpose of the foul water lab? How does it have significance in the real world?
- The purpose of the foul water lab was to purify dirty water. It's significance in the real world shows that we can purify our own water.
35. Describe the Tyndall effect.
- Scattering of light; small particles scatter the light (colloids, suspensions)
36. What is a solution?
- Homogeneous, often molecular sized particles that can pass light.
37. Solvent?
- The dissolving agent.
38. Solute?
- The dissolving substance.
39. Use the chart on pg. 30 to explain the difference between colloids and solutions and suspensions.
- Colloids and suspensions are heterogeneous while solutions are homogeneous.
Define the following terms (and give examples).
40. Physical Property
- Properties that can be measured and observed without changing the chemical makeup of the substance.
41. Matter
- Anything with space and mass.
42. Density
- The mass of material within a given volume.
43. Freezing point
- Type of physical property.
44. Aqueous solution
- Water-based solution
45. Surface tension
- The tension of a surface in which particles attract.
46. Melting point
- Physical property
47. Boiling point
- Physical property
48. Suspension
- Blocks light, visible particles. Heterogeneous.
49. Mixture
- Homogeneous and heterogenous; combining
50. Heterogeneous Mixture
- Different, not uniform.
51. Tyndall effect
- Scattering of light.
52. Colloid
- Exhibit Tyndall effect
53. Homogeneous Mixture
- Same, uniform
54. Solution
- Homogenous, particles that can pass light.
55. Solvent
- Dissolving agent.
Part 3: More terms to know
Quantity: Unit: Abbreviation
1. Mass: Kilogram: kg
2. Length: meter: m
3. Time: second: s
4. Temperature: kelvin: K
Prefix: Abbreviation: Meaning
1. kilo: k: 10'3 (ten to the 3rd)
2. deci: d: 10'-1 (ten to the negative 1st)
3. centi: c: 10'-2 (ten to the negative 2nd)
4. milli: m: 10'-3 (ten to the negative 3rd)
5. micro: u: 10'-6 (ten to the negative 6th)
No comments:
Post a Comment